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Popheads Album of the Year 2020 #35: The 1975 - Notes on a Conditional Form

Artist: The 1975
Album: Notes on a Conditional Form | Alternate Cover Art | 🥾🌍
Label: Dirty Hit | Polydor
Release Date: May 22, 2020
Total Runtime: 1 hour, 20 minutes
Listen Here: Apple Music | Spotify | Youtube Music | Youtube Playlist
Discussion: Popheads Fresh Thread
A Boring Artist Intro
The 1975 are a British synth-pop-rock band consisting of singer Matty Healy, leading guitarist Adam Hann, bassist Ross MacDonald, and drummer George Daniel. Healy is also the primary songwriter and Daniel does a lot of the production work on their tracks. The members met in high school and formed the band while they were still teens playing assorted gigs. Though they first "formed" in 2002, they wouldn't release their first work as The 1975 until 2012.
Prior to 2020 the band had released three albums: The 1975 (2013), I like it when you sleep, for you are so beautiful yet so unaware of it (2016), and A Brief Inquiry Into Online Relationships (2018). While they haven't had a top ten hit single type song yet, they've been fairly well-known and watched in the music sphere since their first album.
Album Intro
When Notes on a Conditional Form was first "announced" (in a sense) it was their third album and titled Music for Cars. Eventually, the band decided to split the Music for Cars album into a two-album era, starting with 2018's A Brief Inquiry Into Online Relationships and ending with some unnamed album to be released in mid-2019. Eventually the album got a release date, a title, and a... memorable piece of cover art (🥾🌍) before being pushed back. Then pushed again. And again. And again. Until suddenly it was 7 singles, a new album art, and nearly a year later before the band actually remembered that there was supposed to be an album tying together all these songs they kept releasing. After enough delay Notes on a Conditional Form finally released on May 22, 2020, more than a year after it was first announced.
The reception for the album was pretty mixed to say the least. The Metacritic average sits at a nice 69 right now, but the individual scores range from a stellar 5/5 from NME to a dismal single star from The Independent UK. Fans were also mixed on the album, with some finding the album a departure from their previous sound and overly bloated, and others enjoying the experimentation and change of pace (with many other criticisms and praises in between).
The album wasn't the only thing to attract mixed reception for the band. The 1975 themselves had a fairly controversial year. I guess that's not really fair. More accurately Matty Healy had a bit of a controversial year. From complaining about independent content creators trying to market themselves during the pandemic to using the George Floyd protests to promote one of the band's songs it was an eventful era on Twitter for Matty, who eventually deactivated his account after the latter incident.
Unfortunately due to the pandemic, they've also had to cancel their planned tour dates for the era. Instead they confirmed they are working on their next album. Luckily they seem to have learned from their mistakes and not announced a release date just yet.
Tracklist
The album has a total of 22 tracks.
22 damn tracks.
Uh, do I have to review all of them? No? Good.
 
...
 
Well that was my first thought process anyways. However, to understand and dissect this album I really have to talk about both what works, and what doesn't. And after including almost all of the album anyways I figured I might as well go all in. If there are a few tracks that get a little less focus I apologize, but I did have to make sure I fit in my 40,000 character limit somehow. Is this write-up going to be long-winded, full of confusing takes, and possibly completely incorrect? Probably. But isn't that really what this album's all about anyway?
So. Here we go. 22 songs. Let's get started.
Maybe I should have campaigned harder for a Kesha writeup instead
Track 1: The 1975
Pre-release track (July 24, 2019) | Popheads Discussion
It's time to rebel
Another album, another track titled after the band. While not an official single, this was the first official piece to be released for the album. The track notably features a spoken word piece by climate activist, teenager, and apparent mortal enemy to 50-year old American conservatives, Greta Thunberg.
I don't really have much to say outside of giving praise to Greta for this piece. It lies out the cold, hard truth, while keeping things (very tentatively) optimistic. It's a call to action to a very important problem. Is it a little... self-indulgent to include this to the start of your album that otherwise has very little to do with climate action? Yes. It's very 1975 of them and as you may see a few more times later on, it's the perfect fit to start off this album.
 
Track 2: People
1st Single (August 22, 2019) | Popheads Discussion
Wake up, wake up, wake up
Nearly a month after the premier opening track, People became the first "official" single released. If you thought you knew what The 1975 was about, this track changed the tone of things completely. It was aggressive and loud and nowhere close to the usual synthpop sound the band was associated with. Unfortunately for those who enjoyed this new direction, this is pretty much the only occurrence of it on the entire album. I have to say that I appreciated it a lot more as a single than I do on the album. It's just kind of placed with really no reason. If it wasn't the only track to go this hard, or if it was placed further in to break up the album a bit maybe it could have worked. At the very least it fits nicely with the opening track, venting Matty's frustrations of the state of the world. While the sound isn't very 1975, the idea definitely is.
 
Track 3: The End (Music For Cars)
Strings intensify
The grandiose strings are a good sound for a song titled "The End", but maybe don't call it that if you're using it as the 3rd track out of 22.
 
Track 4: Frail State of Mind
2nd Single (October 24, 2019) | Popheads Discussion
You lot just leave / I'll stay behind / I'm sorry 'bout my frail state of mind
After "The 1975" and "People", "Frail State of Mind" fit in a lot closer with previous perceptions of the band, though a little more electronic influenced than much of their previous work. The lyrics are based around feelings of depression, social anxiety, and fear of disappointment. The production is a little chaotic, but given the subject material it really works well.
There's a lot to talk about for this song but, the final set of lyrics are some of the most heartbreaking on the album. Matty is isolating himself due to fears of bringing down the mood ("Don't wanna bore you with my frail state of mind"). His friends snap back at him and tell him he's faking it ("Oh, winner, winner, that's your biggest lie. I'm sure that you're fine"). Matty responds back that his struggles are real ("I haven't told a lie in quite some time"). Only for his friends to respond that they'll leave him if he doesn't bottle his real feelings ("You know we'll leave if you keep lying. Don't lie behind your frail state of mind").
I always perceived this as an imagined conversation in the mind of someone with social anxiety. He wants to open up, but is afraid that it will end up pushing his loved ones away. As someone who tends to overthink conversations way too much, these fears and unneeded worries are very much present in many interactions. There are times you want to open up, but the fear of things going wrong prevents any changes, positive or negative, from occurring. On the other interpretation, it being an actual conversation is probably even more heartbreaking as his friends don't trust him at all and instead tell him off for ditching them under the guise of mental health. Unfortunately it's not unusual for mental health to be completely ignored in favour of keeping up a façade of strength so it really can feel like there is no winning at times.
 
Track 5: Streaming
Stream The 1975
I'm pretty sure this is only on the album to get people to search The 1975 on streaming services.
 
Track 6: The Birthday Party
4th Single (February 19, 2020) | Popheads Discussion
I thought that I was stuck in Hell / In a boring conversation with a girl called Mel / 'Bout her friend in Cincinnati called Matty as well
The lyrics for this song take a 'slice of life' style approach. It's a song structured as if it's all taking place during someone's party (per the title). It's fairly light-hearted on the surface, so I always imagined it as a backyard barbeque on a warm summer day. Though it seems to just be about the party at a glance, the lyrical content of the track actually heavily ties into Matty's past experiences with addiction and his recovery. ("There's a place I've been going / Now that I'm clean"). The song's outro lyrics build on it, with his reliance on his friends to typically keep him in line ("I depend / On my friends / To stay clean / As sad as it seems").
Lyrically, it can seem pretty boring to some. He's at a party, talks with some people, not much happens. But I think the song embraces the normalcy of life vs. the appeal of relapse. The party isn't lacking any "interesting" developments, but Matty turns down the advances (mostly) and sticks to the party. He's not really enjoying his time, but he's knows it's better than the aftermath of any alternatives. He still has a long way to go (as he does still try to go for a kiss at one point), so he still relies on his friends to keep him in check. It's not complete control, but it's a start.
 
Track 7: Yeah I Know
Time feels like it's changed, I don't feel the same
With the latest stop on the genre tour bus of NOACF, we're back on the electronic side. It's a nice track, but in my opinion a little forgettable in the broad scope of the album. If you're going to have 22 tracks you should make every one count. The beat's nice, but it feels a little out of place. I do like the lyric "Time feels like it's changed, I don't feel the same", but otherwise not much is going on with only two short verses of content. Unless you want to be told to "Hit that shit" about 20 or 30 times, I don't think many will remember this song for long. It sounds like a draft they came up with, said they'd come back to work on it, and then completely forgot about it after releasing the album.
 
Track 8: Then Because She Goes
We're supposed to leave by half-past eight / Will you stay or wait?
Unfortunately, this is another one of the tracks that I group with "Yeah I Know" in the "Oh yeah I forgot this was on the album"-category. The 1975 again lean back toward a more pop-rock sound compared to their electronic outing in the previous track. Unfortunately, it hits almost the exact same pitfall where nothing interesting really happens .
It seems that in this relationship, one side is a little more (or way-too-much-more) invested in the relationship than the other. Matty's begging with his partner ("You are mine, I’ve been drowning in you", "When you leave, I cry on the inside", etc., etc.). While she seems... a little apprehensive about the whole thing to say the least. By the end of the song he is in the same scenario as the previous chorus and again asks "Will you stay or wait". Thematically, it's kind of fitting how short the song is. Nothing has really changed since the previous time the question was asked. And we never really see how his partner feels about all this. Both the song and the relationship seems all very... rushed. The problem is whether that's by design or if it's another case of a song being left on the drawing board for too long.
 
Track 9: Jesus Christ 2005 God Bless America
5th Single (April 3, 2020) | Popheads Discussion
I'm in love with a boy I know / But that's a feeling I can never show
For one of the first collaborations on any of their songs, the band brings on indie treasure Phoebe Bridgers (stream Punisher) as a guest vocalist. Compared to the rest of the album, the track is stripped down to its barest form. A song doesn't need to become acoustic to have emotional depth, but the sparse nature of the instrumentation brings out the lyrics nicely.
The track is told from the point of view of two closeted individuals at odds with their sexuality and their religion. The lead has fallen into the hole of gay doubt, while continually confirming his love for Jesus Christ (a man) throughout the song . He's assumed that he was straight his whole life such that once he realizes that he is this "demonized gay" his feelings of love aren't happy, but frightening to him ("I'm in love but I'm feeling low"). Phoebe is experiencing similar problems. She also finds herself pining after someone of the same gender ("I'm in love with the girl next door / Her name's Claire"). The similarities keep coming, as she has also become very attracted to her friend and she clearly knows it ("Nice when she comes 'round to call / Then masturbate the second she's not there"). So they hold their feelings inside, hoping that something will change (I'm sure something many of us may have tried, and failed, at some point).
Joining together, the chorus takes a somewhat sarcastic tone to both leads' dilemmas as if their devotion will suddenly fix everything. They both know that they're stuck in a dead end with their beliefs ("Fortunately I believe, lucky me"). They've been told their whole lives that religion can fix their 'problems', but both know in their hearts that they've been looking for acceptance in the wrong spots ("I'm searching for planes in the sea, and that's irony"). And even though I never grew up religious, I definitely relate to the struggles of finding self-acceptance and it's a beautiful song because of that.
 
Track 10: Roadkill
I'll take a minute when I think I won't die from stopping
Roadkill decides to not do electronic OR pop-rock and instead goes a country-esque route. This song is definitely meant to be taken comedically. I mean how could it not with lyrics about literally pissing himself. Still, it's had its fair share of controversy. There was brief complaints about Matty using the f-slur, despite not being LGBTQIA2S+ himself. For the most part, it didn't stir up too much trouble. He was recounting a real life event that happened to him and he didn't want to mince words. Though I get why people are frustrated with it. Perhaps if this was his first problem it wouldn't have been as big a deal, but by the time the album came out he already had a few bouts with the controversy bull.
There was also some minor controversy relating to the line "And I took shit for being quiet during the election / And maybe that's fair, but I'm a busy guy". Or more so, their silence during the UK's 2019 general election. And then telling people off for expecting them to speak up about politics. I don't know why out of all the 1975 faults this one annoyed so much, but it just kind of culminated their other issues together into one pointless line. I think what hurts the band the most is their calls for other artists to speak up about injustices then they just brush things like this off when asked. Like how hard would it have been to give some canned apology? Or at least ignore it? But no, this is The 1975! They need to have an opinion on something, even when that opinion is not having an opinion. And not speaking up because "You're a busy guy". With what? Recording the filler for this album? There are times when radio silence on an issue is fine, but given the current state of politics and the events that happened in elections around the globe why is it something you want to twiddle your thumbs about. I agreed with their reasoning that people shouldn't listen to musicians for political advice, but that doesn't mean people don't. Normally I wouldn't be as critical of something like this for most other artists, but when a band goes around saying they're politically motivated, then do nothing of the sort, it all feels a little disingenuous.
...Oh yeah there's other parts to this song too. The rest of the lyrics are pretty innocuous in relation. Singing about the stresses of touring. I'll admit The country sound actually works quite well with the band. I'd probably like it if the noted parts didn't exist. Yeah the song is a nice little a jam, but all it does when is remind me of all the parts of The 1975 I loathe. I'm sure everyone has at least reminder of how far up their own ass The 1975 can be at times and this one is mine.
 
Track 11: Me & You Together Song
3rd Single (January 16, 2020) | Popheads Discussion
I fell in love with her in stages / My whole life
Me & You Together Song was the band's 3rd single and probably has the most similar sound to the band's previous work. Really you could fit it on one of their early EP's and it wouldn't feel too out of place. It's upbeat enough to jam to, while also having some wistful lyrics to give a bit of depth. It's the classic "one friend falls for the other, but the other doesn't feel the same" trope. It doesn't look like the relationship is going to develop at all, but that doesn't stop the pining. Really this is the song that Then Because She Goes wishes it was. Matty does a much better outlining the shared relationship between him and this girl and their history. Many compared it to the standard rom-com movies that were all too prevalent in the 2000's and I completely get their comparison. It's a great light-hearted break from the emotional weight of the rest of the album. It also helps that the song is super fun to jam out to with some of the best guitar work and vocal delivery on the album.
 
Track 12: I Think There's Something You Should Know
How would you know? It doesn't show
I Think There's Something You Should Know hops back off the acoustic-country-pop-rock train to the electronic side of the album. Lyrically it takes a similar path as "Frail State" did earlier: Matty's trying to open up to someone else that he's not in a great mental state right now. He feels like the fame is getting to him and although he's doing well in the band, it's at the cost of his health. By external measures he is "successful", but it really doesn't feel that way. It's like when he hears that "The 1975 is successful" it's someone else that is experiencing that success, a false image of him in the limelight. He wishes he could be that successful person ("I'd like to meet myself and swap clothes"), but his mental health is holding him back from feeling happy with himself. As he puts it "You get a moment when you feel alright", but it still doesn't change the fact that he feels miserable behind everything.
 
Track 13: Nothing Revealed / Everything Denied
Life feels like a lie / I need something to be true / Is there anybody out there?
This track is my personal favourite of the non-singles. It also has some of the more interesting production choices on the album. Matty Healy decides that if there's anything a synth-pop-rock band like The 1975 could use, it would be some psuedo-rapping. By him. And somehow I still like the song. I don't know if I'd say it worked... but it doesn't ruin the song in any capacity.
Really if there's anything more fitting of an album released during quarantine it's this existential track. The chorus especially is the kind of cathartic experience that makes you want to shout out after being stuck inside for weeks at a time. The song deals with Matty building up false history for himself that doesn't really fit his current lifestyle anymore. He's told so many lies passed off as truth that it's getting hard to hold onto them any more. At the time a single lie seems like a fine idea, but then it builds and builds and suddenly he doesn't like what he has become anymore. He knows it's not him. At this point he just wants to open up to someone, but the things they know about him aren't even real. This is him finally hoping to give some truth and become a person he enjoys being, if that's even possible any more.
 
Track 14: Tonight (I Wish I Was Your Boy)
Tonight, I think I fucked it royally
The production alone on this track already makes it one of my favourites on the album. Despite the upbeat nature, the lyrics hit the sweet spot of painfully sad and trying not to seem too bothered. Following the previous track, Tonight also deals with making mistakes that might be too far along to fix. The lyrics land neatly in a spot we can all relate with, messing something up for yourself so bad that you just have to sit down and think "What the fuck was I thinking" and trying not to break down. In this case, it's issues in his romantic life. At this point, the relationship is pretty much over so all he can do now is reflect on what went wrong. I really love the lyrics "And it's been replaying on my mind / Unfortunately, I've been to this place in my life / Far too many times / Sunday's nearly over, so I'll just lie awake" cause I think we've all had a time when there's nothing left to do but sit in your bed thinking about what went wrong. But it's Sunday, there's no time to reflect as life will continue on as normal once Monday comes around. As one could maybe guess from the title, he's now at the point where he finally realizes what he lost, but it's a little too late. As Matty says quite aptly in the chorus, "Tonight, I think I fucked it royally".
 
Track 15: Shiny Collarbone
???
While there are lyrics to this song, I just count it as another instrumental track. Out of all of the hit/miss tracks on the album I've found this one has been the most controversial. It's definitely interesting, I'll give it that for sure. But it just feels so out of place. Some people will really enjoy this, but it's not for me.
 
Track 16: If You’re Too Shy (Let Me Know)
6th Single (April 23, 2020) | Popheads Discussion
Maybe I would like you better if you took off your clothes
So two things I've learned from looking into this song.
1) It's not actually about just taking off your clothes for a nude video call
2) Okay, it actually still kind of is about taking off your clothes for a nude video call
But maybe I'm getting ahead of myself at the moment. "If You're Too Shy" takes a page out of the book of the previous albums' "It's Not Living" and "The Sound" and goes all out. With the bombastic chorus, an amazing sax solo, and lyrics 10x more catchy than they have any right to be, it's hard not to bop along. It also features the first appearance of FKA Twigs (stream Don't Judge Me) on the album as a backing vocalist.
Really the song is so bright and upbeat that I almost don't care what it's about. He could be describing a perfect recipe for banana bread, or talking about how nice the weather is. Regardless, there is still a lyrical part of this song. And what subject are we onto this time? Why, sexy online messaging of course! Which is actually… pretty fitting for when the track was released considering many were stuck in lockdown.
Matty still has a lot of the same fears as other songs on the album, but here we can see him start to build up his confidence. All so he can show off his privates to some random internet lady. Just kidding. (Kind of). Though the lyrics are played a bit tongue in cheek, it's not literally talking about calls in the nude (well, I guess it still could be but it's not the principal focus anyways). Really the removal of clothes is the singer opening up and letting this woman see him at his most revealed and vulnerable, both mentally and maybe physically.
 
Track 17: Playing On My Mind
I think I've seen the side of every road / They all lead somewhere, I've been told
Sad acoustic 1975 time? Then let's bring Phoebe Bridgers back again on backing vocals! Continuing the anxious theme of the past, the lyrics follow up by looking toward the future and figuring out how Matty's going to fuck that up instead. Or at least how he think he will. And how he thinks he already has. From the starting "Will I live and die in a band?". We've got a window into a bunch of his biggest worries in life.
It's easy to get caught up in your own mind sometimes. As shown from previous tracks on the album, it's not like he lacks regrets. Is there anything that he can do to stop creating more? If he thinks about his life in advance will it prevent him from making the same mistakes? Not likely. Turns out messing up is just a part of life. "See, I keep getting this stuff wrong, take me out, put me on". Still, it's hard not to worry when it keeps happening again and again.
 
Track 18: Having No Head
How's your head?
The final instrumental of the album and, honestly, the only one I actually remember exists. The 6 minute runtime allows the track to actually build up and do something interesting. The instruments on the track take on elements from house and trance music. It may not be everyone's cup of tea, but at least it feels like they thought about how it should fit onto the album unlike the other two (and a half) instrumentals.
 
Track 19: What Should I Say
What should I say? / Tell 'em the things that you told me / What should I say?
Before diving too far into the lyrical side, can I talk about how fantastic the production is here!? This is second track on the album to feature backing vocals from Twigs and another that follows the electronic influence. Twigs provides some absolutely haunting vocal effects throughout the song. It's all very controlled for the most part, yet something there's an air of anxiety to the vocals, plus the production keeps up the speed and doesn't slow down. The lyrics aren't too detailed, but the minimal use of words is all that's needed.
So let's go back to "Roadkill" and all the other controversies caused by Matty putting his foot in his mouth. This song (along with Frail State and Tonight) really help me understand The 1975 "please Matty stop talking" experience from his side. Really it's about how anxious Matty feels being in the public eye. This track in particular shows his particular issue of not knowing what to do or say under pressure, but still feeling the pressure to say something. Anything. Despite practicing what to do and what to say in advance, he still feels the heat and often messes up because of it. He's looking for any kind of excuse for his behaviour, but at the end of the day he feels that it's all on himself. Sometimes he doesn't understand what he said to cause pushback ("Must have been something you were saying"), but it doesn't always stop him from panicking about it. Sometimes he does finally realize the full impact of his words ("What did I say"), but it's already too late.
 
Track 20: Bagsy Not In Net
And leaving you here is the thing that I fear, so I fight it
Another track following on the electronic train. The production on this one is nice, but after 19 songs before this I couldn't blame people if they forgot it. At this point the band probably would have had enough music for a full electronic-inspired album instead of this weird hybrid. According to Matty, the song is about a couple taking the words "til death do us part" literally. The lead is trying to hold on to life to avoid leaving his partner behind. Asking "Do you want to leave at the same time?" in the chorus refers to the act of passing on together. It's a sweet song that probably could have been built on a little more (especially since it was one of the last to be added to the album), but it works for the most part.
 
Track 21: Don't Worry
Don't worry, darling, the sun will shine through
On "Don't Worry", we've got the albums third feature, Tim Healy (Matty's father). In fact, he's the one who wrote most of the lyrics! I don't have much to say about the track itself. It's a sweet ballad (a common theme with these last 3 tracks) told to a loved one. In specific this case father to son, but it's general enough to apply to any relationship. It's a song of reassurance. Given the fears and anxieties that have been expressed earlier in the album, it's always good to know that someone is in your corner, whether it's family (this song) or friends (the next).
 
Track 22: Guys
7th Single (May 13, 2020) | Popheads Discussion
You guys are the best thing that ever happened to me
The seventh and final single released also happens to be the final track of the album. Guys is a sickeningly sweet song giving thanks to Matty's bandmates for sticking with him after all this time. Lyrically it’s very specific to Matty’s own experiences - living with his friends, being in a band with his friends, traveling to Japan with his friends, etc. And at the end of the day this is the sincere closer the album needed.
I'm going to be honest, I'm kind of a sucker about nostalgic tracks like this. Say what you want about the posturing and pretentiousness of the other songs, but anyone can tell that this is an earnest effort to give genuine thanks to his friends. Really it (and also The Birthday Party) does a good job showing that the band isn't primarily making music for the fame or the fans or the money. They just enjoy what they do; it's all something they started together and its what drives them to continue. The true Notes were the friends he made along the way, in a way.
Another thing this track made me realize is that I truly believe everything Matty Healy says out loud he fully believes in. Are some of his takes incredibly useless, shortsighted, and ignorant? Oh for sure. But I don't believe he's doing it to get any sort of clout. Him and the rest of the band are a bunch of friends from some town out of England that have managed a monumental growth to stardom. They aren't always prepared so they do what they think is best. Is that an excuse for some of the shit he pulls sometimes? Definitely not. At the end of the day they're all grown adults that can be accountable for their own actions. But the track, and the album as the whole, help show why Matty feels he needs to speak all the time, his anxieties with fame and life, and how he can still keep going forward with the band's music.
Overall Thoughts On the Album
It's a mess for sure. And I love it. It's a mess and I love it. I love it because it's a mess. I'm not sure I would love it as much if it wasn't a mess. Odd eh? Despite all my gripes about the band and the album, I still love it. I think this would probably be the last 1975 album I would recommend newcomers listen to, but it does a great job (whether intentional or not) capturing their essence.
I still think "If You're Too Shy" is my favourite track on its own, but "Guys" ties everything together so perfectly. It's responsible for it being an album I can say I enjoy as a whole, instead of a collection of tracks I kind of like. Are there songs that I skip nearly every time I listen to the album? 100%. But at least I can tell what the band was trying to accomplish. Also want to mention the non-single combo of I Think There's Something You Should Know - Nothing Revealed / Everything Denied - Tonight (I Wish I Was Your Boy) - Playing On My Mind - What Should I Say is a captivating and underrated representation of fear and anxiety. It's not a far departure from the themes of their earlier work, but it works for a reason.
It's a great imperfect album. There are some parts that get on my nerves, but at the end of the day it works with the theme of the album. If I had to make a (kind of weird) comparison, it's very similar to my love for Closer (yes that Closer - and I know rate people are probably sick of the song by now). Closer is about dumb kids making dumb decisions. And they fully believe in their decisions. Does it make the choices any less dumb? Heck no! The listener knows their reasoning for being together is so obviously flawed. But for that it is both captivating, and (at times) relatable. Looking from the outside it's obviously wrong, but for the ones experiencing it they have very little idea how to make things right. It's not a defense to those actions, but can definitely make it more relatable and understandable.
One point I haven't mentioned much that comes up often on the album is the idea of cancel culture. This part... I'm a little mixed on. I don't want to use a review about an overly long 1975 album to start a huge discourse about it, but it comes up a few times and can't be ignored when talking about celebrities making dumb decisions. I think there are definitely cases where the internet can be overzealous shutting down someone's career over past things said (especially if a genuine self-reflection or apology is issued). In more serious cases there are also some that will defend their favourites with the same reasoning, even though there are serious conversations that should probably be had. In severe cases there are also times that cancel culture has shown to have no effect when it really should (look at... well basically any of the successes that Chris Brown or Dr. Luke are still experiencing).
But going back to the album: whether each point is right or wrong isn't what the album's about. It's about the process of fucking up sometimes. And how it happens to everyone. The stuff that can ruin relationships or create a missed opportunity or anything makes you wonder if you could have done better. It happens and it hurts. And sometimes it's over something dumb (see: every 1975 controversy). Sometimes you know you fucked up. And sometimes you feel you are still in the right (and sometimes you are!). Either way, it happens. You can try to plan and overthink and worry, but it will happen. And this album is a fantastic representation of that mix of regret, worry, self-reflection, and self-frustration that follows.
Am I reaching for points with very little basis? Probably. But I've listened to this 22-song album so many times I want to at least get something out of it.

For those skipping to the end

TL;DR: This is a great album that messes up its execution at times. It's also about people messing up. It's not perfect and it's much more interesting because of that. It's also a bit bloated and they really q could have cut it down a little.
Recommendations: All of the singles, Nothing Revealed/Everything Denied, Playing On My Mind, Tonight (I Wish I Was Your Boy), What Should I Say
Discussion Points
  1. Let's get the big one out of the way first: What are your thoughts on the album? Did you enjoy it? Hate it? Somewhere in between?
  2. What direction or sound should the band go with for the next album?
  3. For those who listen to versions of albums you’ve personally altered (either by shortening, adding to, or rearranging the tracklist), do you take your edited or the original into account when considering your enjoyment of the album (or a bit of both)?
  4. Genre-hopping: can it work on an album where fans are expecting one, but get something different? Do you think albums should mostly stick to one consistent sound?
  5. There is often talk (not just in the music sphere) about authenticity of celebrities when championing social causes. Sometimes it's all for clout, sometimes it's important to speak up, sometimes the artist speaks up and then you realize you wish they didn't. Do you feel celebrities have an obligation to speak up for social causes? Or should they keep out of those discussions?
  6. On a lighter note: Come up with a worse two-emoji cover for this album than 🥾🌍
submitted by TiltControls to popheads [link] [comments]

Top Market News - Tuesday, Nov. 10, 2020

Rotation from growth to value continues:
Growth sectors extend yesterday's historic underperformance:
Busy day of Fedspeak:
McConnell repeats call for limited stimulus package:
Vaccine breakthrough also brings key unanswered questions, logistical challenges:
Checking in on the bullish narrative:
Checking on the bearish narrative:
Supreme Court signals it is unlikely to strike down Obamacare
Amazon under regulatory scrutiny in Europe:
NextEra rebuffed by Evergy, Lowe's not in talks to acquire HD Supply, Justice Department clears Uber purchase of Postmates:
Post-election transition slowed by legal challenges:
Political fight brewing over whether to extend Fed's emergency facilities:
submitted by spacej3di to stocks [link] [comments]

Megathread (Part 2): Attorney General Releases Redacted Version of Special Counsel Report

Attorney General William Barr released his redacted version of the Russia investigation report by Special Counsel Robert Mueller. Following a press conference, the report is expected to be heavily scrutinized and come under significant controversy for Barr's extensive redactions.
Part 1

Submissions that may interest you

SUBMISSION DOMAIN
Dispute flares among U.S. officials over Trump administration Iran arms control report reuters.com
Pelosi, Schumer Joint Statement on Special Counsel Mueller’s Report speaker.gov
Mueller's Russia report details Trump actions to impede inquiry reuters.com
FBI suspects Russians hacked 'at least one' Florida county, Mueller report says politico.com
I'm reading the Mueller Report live on You Tube. About to start Page 11 youtube.com
The 10 instances of possible obstruction in Mueller report apnews.com
Republicans On Mueller Report: Time To Put On Blinders And Support Trump huffpost.com
Chuck Todd: Trump, Barr 'successfully neutered' impact of Mueller report thehill.com
What Trump and lawmakers are saying now that the Mueller report is public pbs.org
Obstruction by Trump failed because others refused to 'carry out orders,' Mueller report says cnn.com
Sarah Sanders admitted to providing media baseless information about Comey: Mueller report cnn.com
7 takeaways from the Mueller report axios.com
Pelosi, Schumer: Mueller report 'appears to undercut' Barr on obstruction thehill.com
Mueller Reveals Trump’s Efforts to Thwart Russian Inquiry in Highly Anticipated Report nytimes.com
AOC responds to Mueller report by accusing of Republican's 'double standards on impeachment' independent.co.uk
Your 1 p.m. catch-up on what we've learned so far from the Mueller report cnn.com
Trump barely disrupted Russia investigation because his officials rejected his orders, Mueller report says cnbc.com
The Mueller Report Shows Team Trump Lied Constantly to the Public esquire.com
Key Democrat says he will issue subpoena for full Mueller report cnn.com
Sarah Sanders invented story about FBI agents' reaction to Comey firing, Mueller report says news.yahoo.com
Sarah Huckabee Sanders admitted she made up a claim that FBI agents lost faith in Comey, according to the Mueller report businessinsider.com
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez renews call for Trump's impeachment after Mueller report, cites Lindsey Graham’s comments newsweek.com
Mr. Mueller’s Damning Report -- It lays out everything Congress needs to investigate the president for obstruction of justice. nytimes.com
Mueller Report Confirms Trump Runs the White House Like It’s the Mafia nymag.com
Special Counsel's Office Report Overarching Factual Issues justice.gov
Speed Read: Trump’s ‘I’m Fcked’ Explosion and Other ‘Crazy Sht’ From the Mueller Report thedailybeast.com
Mueller report released to public contains nearly 1,000 redactions nbcnews.com
Nadler Announces Subpoena for Full Mueller Report and Underlying Evidence thedailybeast.com
QAnon Believers Crushed After Mueller Report Fails to Lead to Hillary Clinton’s Arrest thedailybeast.com
14 Must-Read Moments From the Mueller Report theatlantic.com
US officials clash over Trump Iran arms control document: report thehill.com
Erik Prince financed effort to find Clinton's emails, Mueller report says cnn.com
Mueller Report Shows President Trump Tried to Remove Special Counsel msnbc.com
Mueller Report: 'At least one Florida county' hacked and accessed by Russian intelligence orlandosentinel.com
Full Text of the Mueller Report's Executive Summaries lawfareblog.com
Sanders calls on Congress to investigate after Mueller report release thehill.com
Trump Campaign Figures Deleted Communications Before Mueller Could See Them, Potentially Altering Report newsweek.com
Mueller report rebuts claim Trump directed Cohen to lie to Congress thehill.com
See How Much Of The Mueller Report Is Redacted npr.org
The Mueller Report Is an Impeachment Referral theatlantic.com
The Mueller Report Couldn’t Be More Clear: Donald Trump Repeatedly Tried to Obstruct Justice newyorker.com
10 takeaways from the Mueller report release -- and what happens next edition.cnn.com
Mueller Report Shows How Grown-Ups Kept Trump’s Tantrums From Becoming Clear Crimes thedailybeast.com
The Mueller report is in its supernova stage washingtonpost.com
Mueller’s conclusions are quite clear : The report is an impeachment referral amp.theatlantic.com
Mueller's report would have signaled the end for anyone other than Trump theguardian.com
Sarah Huckabee Sanders Lied About Details Of James Comey’s Firing: Mueller Report - The White House press secretary reportedly admitted to fabricating her claim that “rank-and-file” FBI agents had “lost confidence in their director.” huffpost.com
Here's What The Mueller Report Says About The Alleged Pee Tape buzzfeednews.com
Dispute flares among U.S. officials over Trump administration Iran arms control report haaretz.com
Fox News's Chris Wallace: Parts of Mueller report 'damaging' and 'politically embarrassing' for Trump thehill.com
Mueller report: collusion findings are devastating for Trump vox.com
House Democrats Are Starting To Call For Bill Barr's Resignation After His Mueller Report Press Conference buzzfeednews.com
Hoyer: 'Impeachment not worthwhile' after seeing Mueller report thehill.com
Robert Mueller’s report is clear: Congress gets to decide whether Trump obstructed justice vox.com
How William Barr Misled The Public About The Mueller Report huffpost.com
How 2020 Democrats Are Reacting to the Release of the Mueller Report nymag.com
Trump Tried to Seize Control of Mueller Probe, Report Says truthdig.com
Yes, Collusion Even with redactions, the Mueller report contains ample evidence Trump and his campaign sought foreign help in 2016. newrepublic.com
Mueller report shows President Trump told Michael Cohen to fully cooperate with Robert Mueller probe, contradicting a BuzzFeed report the president ordered him to lie washingtontimes.com
Mueller Report Shows Donald Trump's Behavior Is 'Eminently Nixon-ian,' Former Deputy Assistant Attorney General Says newsweek.com
Mueller Report: 'At least one Florida county' hacked and accessed by Russian intelligence orlandosentinel.com
Top House Dem Tosses Lifeline To Trump On Mueller Report Day talkingpointsmemo.com
Mueller Report Bolsters Claims That Russia Penetrated Election Systems in Florida motherjones.com
Everything We Learned About Jared and Ivanka in the Mueller Report nymag.com
What the Mueller report tells us about Russian influence operations brookings.edu
Full text: The Mueller report yahoo.com
What We Know So Far From the Mueller Report nytimes.com
Trump claims 'game over' on Mueller report as Democrats say game on - US news theguardian.com
Democratic House leader says impeaching Trump isn't 'worthwhile' after the Mueller report businessinsider.com
Trump dodges media's questions after Mueller report release thehill.com
The Mueller Report: the Executive Summary now available in your podcast feed. slate.com
Paul Manafort briefed Russian intelligence member on "battleground states" that nearly all voted for Trump: Mueller Report newsweek.com
Mueller report reveals Russian efforts to target US coal jobs thehill.com
Mueller Madness: How Trump Is Like the Crucified Jesus, and Other Right-Wing Reactions to Russia Report rightwingwatch.org
The Mueller report is out amp.cnn.com
Mueller Report: Team Couldn't Rule Out Obstruction ... Or Firmly Establish It npr.org
7 times the Mueller report caught Sean Spicer and Sarah Sanders lying to press vox.com
The Mueller Report Is 448 Pages Long. You Need to Know These 7 Key Things. nytimes.com
Trump campaign was an eager beneficiary of Russian election help, Mueller report concludes usatoday.com
Mueller report ropes in Senate GOP politico.com
IRA Trolls Pretended to Be U.S. Citizens to Get Help From Trump Campaign: Mueller Report thedailybeast.com
Ex-DNI Clapper says redacted Mueller report 'pretty devastating' edition.cnn.com
Speaker Pelosi and Leader Schumer: Attorney General Barr Deliberately Distorted Significant Portions Of Special Counsel Mueller’s Report speaker.gov
Donald Trump’s impeachment is "one possibility" after Mueller report, says top Judiciary Democrat newsweek.com
Mueller report shatters Trump aides’ claims of harmonious White House politico.com
Steny Hoyer Says Impeaching Trump ‘Not Worthwhile’ After Mueller Report Release thedailybeast.com
Mueller report suggests the ‘fake news’ came from Trump, not the news media washingtonpost.com
Mueller’s report is most “damning” investigation of any president, former Nixon White House counsel says newsweek.com
The Discrepancy Between the Mueller Report and Barr’s Summary Is Telling slate.com
What the Mueller report on the Russia investigation says about Vice President Mike Pence usatoday.com
The Fallout From The Mueller Report Has Just Begun fivethirtyeight.com
Justice Department offers Congress look at less-redacted Mueller report m.washingtontimes.com
Rosie O'Donnell, Alyssa Milano slam Trump after release of Mueller report: 'Impeach him' news.yahoo.com
‘Miners for Trump:’ The story behind the Russian-organized Philly rally highlighted in Mueller’s report philly.com
Trump called some Russia scoops 'fake news' but Mueller report shows they were very real cnn.com
Through email leaks and propaganda, Russians sought to elect Trump, Mueller finds washingtonpost.com
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Says Donald Trump Should Be Investigated And Possibly Impeached For Obstruction buzzfeednews.com
Mueller Exposes Erik Prince’s Lies About His Rendezvous with a Top Russian thedailybeast.com
These Republicans’ claims that Trump would never fire Mueller look pretty awkward now thinkprogress.org
There is no vindication for Trump washingtonpost.com
29 Things Trump Couldn’t Recall While Answering Mueller’s Questions rollingstone.com
The Media is Taking Trump's 'I'm F*cked' Comments Out of Context townhall.com
Mueller referred evidence of 14 other potential crimes to federal officials. Only two of them are publicly known cnbc.com
Redactions heavier on Russian meddling than on obstruction apnews.com
‘Oh My God...I’m F---ed’: Trump Called Mueller Appointment the ‘End of My Presidency’ bloomberg.com
Mueller: Manafort Discussed Enlisting Trump to Aid Russia in Ukraine motherjones.com
The 8 Things You Need To Know About The Mueller Report dailywire.com
The Mueller report is the opposite of exoneration washingtonpost.com
Mueller’s report paints a damning portrait of Trump’s presidency washingtonpost.com
In the Mueller Report, Erik Prince Funds a Covert Effort to Obtain Clinton’s E-mails from a Foreign State newyorker.com
Barr gave his version of the report. Then we read it cnn.com
Disputed BuzzFeed story on Trump and Cohen back in limelight after Mueller report contradicts nbcnews.com
6 Scandals the Mueller Report Puts to Rest rollingstone.com
Mueller report shows how Trump aides sought to protect him and themselves thehill.com
A closer look at redactions in the Mueller report graphics.reuters.com
This Article About The Mueller Report Is [Redacted] buzzfeednews.com
Ocasio-Cortez vows to sign impeachment resolution in wake of Mueller report nypost.com
Mueller report: A corrupt, unpatriotic president, a stark impeachment choice for Democrats usatoday.com
The Mueller Report Is a Portrait of an Egomaniac Who Nobody Likes slate.com
Mueller report says WikiLeaks pushed Seth Rich conspiracies thehill.com
Trump asked his lawyer to cross legal lines. The Mueller report shows how he pushed back. washingtonpost.com
A report on Trump's NAFTA overhaul found that it's not going to do much for the economy. markets.businessinsider.com
Mueller Report: There was no Collusion, no Obstruction. Let it Go newsweek.com
In unflattering detail, Mueller report reveals Trump actions to impede inquiry reuters.com
Mueller report: The winners and losers thehill.com
Trump’s USMCA trade agreement would have a limited but positive impact on U.S. economy, report finds washingtonpost.com
submitted by PoliticsModeratorBot to politics [link] [comments]

A stunningly unreported Brexit Week.

I’m trying this as an experiment to see if anyone wants it, so let me know at the end 👍👎as it takes time to reformat.

BrexitNotDone FBPE on Twitter (Because the Press Aren’t Reporting it)

Week of 9th - 15th Feb 2020

RoundUp

What a week it was. Crazy in fact. The first two weeks into the Brexit transition were anticlimactic. We were bored with the Government and Press focusing on internal sniping and the most unambitious Labour leadership election since...well maybe ever. Then, suddenly, this week, a whole month’s worth of Brexit disaster fell on us with almost all of it unreported by the usual suspects - the offshore owned tax haven Press.
What was particularly interesting was how much time they spent instead on RottenJohnny's ambitious spending plans. I'm beginning to wonder if it's not us they're trying to convince but themselves.

NotMyBrexit Bruv

The week started with more updates from endlessly entertaining Barry from Basildon. Barry (un)fortunately is a parody, but that doesn’t make him any the less insightful.
Then, like a gift from Brexit Gods, we got the very real (confirmed by Indy) clueless Colin reinforcing every stereotype about Brexit voters in a single tweet. I think he has now won the title of most derided Brexit supporter, beating previous winners, Freedom of Movement Lady, and Disaster Dave the Farmer.

Looking in the Mirror

Dr Sune Aukin published an informative ad-lib podcast on the history of populism. The particular slant was a detailed description of the DExit (Danish Brexit) from the early 1990s. The experience of Denmark is an often hijacked example Euroskeptics use to assert the EU “suppresses democracy”, even on brexit.
To hear from an informed Dane how the Eurosceptic movement in Denmark rose, peaked and then died was informative, as much as it was humbling to compare their journey to our own.
The fascinating thing - the paths were almost identical, with one exception. Danes don’t have the “English Exceptionalism” factor - they are realistic about the world, and how it’s changed. Compare that with constant British references to the 1970s that ignore China, India and, for example, Trade blocs.
You’ll find Sune’s podcast, continuing to resist the Brexit Siren’s call here, with a skip to summary included.

Reality Denial

Midweek hit us with the Labour Leadership Debate, with the Brexit Monster on full show as “the reason that Labour lost” [sic] in the face of all the evidence that Corbyn and an ill-advised vote-splitting fight with the LibDems were far more critical factors.
Lisa Nandy managed to honour Labour's now long-standing tradition of seesawing on Brexit strategy, casting herself as an EU advocate via some unexplained political Damascene conversion.
She did marginally better than Long-bailey who IMHO, came across like a slightly brattish automaton, reading Len McCluskey's lines. Thornberry (now out) and Starmer were the best, but the general twitter sentiment seemed to be more, “is that the best they have”. Lots of talk of how Corbyn et al. purged the party of anyone who could be a threat and have left a husk, all talent dried up. Of all the times to try giving up being an electable Opposition.

Goebbels and the Retelling of Lies

Next up the JohnsonRegime launched yet another Goebbels-Esque campaign using public money to pay for Brexit propaganda. I finally managed to get a Reddit post out on this on my third attempt. I still find that a little disturbing, but maybe best to move on.
I hear rumours that responsible Citizens are complaining to the ASA.
Despite Mr Cummings being firmly in control at number 10, something was missing from his adverts - presumably something he can no longer blame on lazy civil servants.
In THE week where everyone was uniting behind the opportunities of Brexit, RottenJohnny was stage managing blatant but repeated lies in Cabinet, and Rasputin was creating his propaganda campaign on those very opportunities, no-one seemed able to mention anything specific. You've got to think if they had anything, it'd get a campaign mention at least?

The Roof Falls In

Probably someone would have asked just that problematic question, had not the roof coincidently fallen in on pretty everything else BrexitNotDone. I’ll list these; there are too many to do the detail.

The Divine Right of a Specific King

The complete silence as anything left in Brexit died was noise enough. Primarily to highlight the complete lack of Press coverage. Last week became prey for that devious old chief editor trick, not to lie, but to omit. [if that’s a new one on you, check the papers for consistent PMQs coverage, in any week a tory PM does a lousy job]. Doubtless, it’ll all be recast later as the EU being mean to us.
This is useful for The Project since it needs Bogeymen for our PM to fight, armed with new powers.
The Project? No one seems to have settled on a name yet - I’ve seen KingBoris, AboveTheLAW and my personal favourite Project Divine Rule, but regardless we’re talking about the plan to put Johnson above the law. If you’re unfamiliar with Project Divine Rule, the lovely Mr Cummings helpfully put it all in the Tory Manifesto for all to see and none to read.

And Finally

In this certifiable of crazy weeks, the final treat was Cummings properly coming out of the closet as the Machiavellian manipulator behind an incapable narcissist - what better epithet then than Rasputin? That was the chance to revisit his list of insane quotes and of course the obligatory summary of 2016 Brexit which should be in future school history curricula as an example of a smoking gun that was entirely suppressed by a corrupted media and political establishment.
And that. Believe it or not, was the longest week yet, in Bonkers Brexit Britain.
submitted by atatimelikethisnow to brexit [link] [comments]

AP projects Donald Trump wins 2016 US Presidential Election - Magathread

AP has projected that Donald Trump has won the 2016 Presidential Election and will serve as our 45th President of the United States. Mike Pence will serve as his Vice President. Congratulations to those that voted and helped campaign for them.
Please enjoy discussion about this election below, but remember that our civility guidelines are still in place.

Submissions that may interest you

TITLE SUBMITTED BY:
Ex-KKK Leader David Duke Celebrates Donald Trump's Election Night MacNCheezOnUrKneez
Donald Trump set to become President after extraordinary victory over Hillary Clinton ElectionObserver2016
Donald Trump wins presidential election, plunging US into uncertain future schadenschokolade
Donald Trump wins Presidential Election availableusername10
Hillary Clinton calls Donald Trump and concedes presidential election HanniGunz
Donald Trump wins presidential election, plunging US into uncertain future Clubjustin
Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment kiramis
'Dear God, America what have you done?': How the world and its media reacted as Donald Trump poised to become US president Nuro92
Donald Trump: Hillary Clinton called to congratulate us bernieaccountess
Mexicans wonder how they'll be treated with President-elect Trump Dominator27
President-elect Donald Trump calls for unity after brutal election cyanocittaetprocyon
Hillary Clinton won't concede tonight - Los Angeles Times agentf90
Hillary Clinton concedes defeat in private call to Donald Trump Mr_unbeknownst
Global markets in tailspin as Trump elected next U.S. president Im_Not_A_Socialist
US Election 2016: Asia markets jolted by Trump win phuocnguyen286
Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment - NYTimes.com peter_poiuyt
Donald Trump just blew up the electoral map youregaylol
Donald Trump stuns the world, elected USA's 45th president Annacarry83
Full transcript: President-elect Donald Trump's victory speech samuelsamvimes
Europes far-right politicians congratulate Donald Trump on election victory ericcantonevilcousin
How Trump won the election: volatility and a common touch abdullahnisar7
US election 2016 result: Donald Trump's victory speech in 2 minutes rockyk8411
Protests break out across the country minutes after Donald Trump is elected President free_george_bush
World leaders react to Donald Trump's US election victory Shebu11
Donald Trumps election could mean planetary disaster, environmentalists warn as UN climate summit begins The_Big_Lebowskii
President-elect Trump vows to bring nation 'together as never before' should be an interesting 4 years wccoffma
Democrats Dont Have A Plan If Donald Trump Is Elected TwoToneTrump
17 things Trump said he will do if elected president coolcrosby
Top aide reveals details about Trump's phone calls with Clinton, Obama KuttKameen
Trump wins presidency, defeats Clinton in historic election upset in the face of insurmountable odds, a biased media, and a corrupt establishment! CluelessWill
Former KKK leader David Duke: 'Our people have played a HUGE role in electing Trump!' sl1ce_of_l1fe
Trump will be the 4th president to win the Electoral College after getting fewer votes than his opponent NeilPoonHandler
Trump Wins Electoral College Votes; Clinton Has More Popular Votes ColdStoneSkeevAutism
politics has lost all credibility allowing itself to be turned into an echo chamber by the CTR trolls during this election. Their tactics were anti-democratic and bullying. I despise Trump but I value open and free debate. Shame on this sub-reddit for giving them free reign during recent months. HalfRottenChihuahua
What's next for Gov. Chris Christie now that Trump has won the presidential election coolcrosby
Election Victory Won't Shield Trump From Legal Woes thiman
Private prison stocks are soaring after Donald Trump's election Mapleyy
President-Elect Trump: Hillary Lost because Power Brokers decided She was Damaged Goods User_Name13
Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment lookupmystats94
Former KKK leader David Duke: 'Our people have played a HUGE role in electing Trump!' Talk_Data_To_Me
Donald Trump despised the Electoral College in 2012. It just won him the election. European_Sanderista
Clinton to Make First Remarks Since Conceding Election to Trump estheranil
Hillary Clinton concedes to Trump: 'We owe him an open mind and a chance to lead' the_hack_attack
Hillary Clinton Publicly Concedes: 'This Is Painful and It Will Be for a Long Time abdullahnisar7
Trump wins US election: How world leaders have reacted SplintPunchbeef
I hope he will be a successful president', Hillary Clinton says as she concedes after Donald Trump victory abdullahnisar7
Hillary Clinton concedes to Trump: We owe him an open mind and a chance to lead gAlienLifeform
How Trump Won the Election According to Exit Polls WhiteChristianMan
52% of voters earning less than $50,000 a year who make up 36% of the electorate voted for Clinton. 41% voted for Trump. NeverHadTheLatin
3 ways Trump's election is truly historic Linda_Latina
"Donald Trump will not be the 45th president of the United States. Nor the 46th, nor any other number you might name. The chance of his winning nomination and election is exactly zero." Spooky_White
Trump popular vote loss would imperil Electoral College MegaSansIX
Hillary Clinton concedes, telling little girls you are valuable and powerful juliarobart
If Clinton wins popular vote, expect calls to kill Electoral College FeelTheJohnson1
No Trump crash; Dow up 200 as Clinton concedes walrus-mafia
The Guardian view on President-Elect Donald Trump: a dark day for the world jimrosenz
Hack the vote: Did a 4chan attack help rig the election for Trump? JessePayneee
Islamist extremists celebrate Trumps election win ClosingDownSummer
President-Elect Trump Proved Me Wrong About This Election. Now I Ardently Pray He Proves Me Wrong About Him. lurk3295
What President-Elect Donald Trump Has Pledged to Do in His First 100 Days chefr89
CBS makes horrendous post comparing Donald Trump being elected to 9/11. willkilliam
Amy Schumer will stay in the US despite promise to leave if Trump wins election Allyanna
US election 2016: Trump victory in maps SawsanFod
We actually elected a meme as president: How 4chan celebrated Trumps victory CatDad69
Islamist extremists celebrate Trumps election win drew1492
Allan Nairn: Did the FBI Hand the Election to Donald Trump? spacehogg
Melania Trumps Hometown In Slovenia Is Partying After Election Victory JavascriptFanboy
Winners and losers in the health-care industry under President Trump drew1492
Clinton and Obama lead calls for unity as US braces for Trump presidency Prince104
Trump wins US election: How world leaders have reacted thatiswhathappened
Another election surprise: Many Hispanics backed Trump juliarobart
Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment NinjaHDD
Silicon Valley Reels After Trump's Election PleaseDontUpv0te
Here's President-elect Donald Trump's list of potential Supreme Court nominees douchiz
Donald Trumps Election Victory Sparks Protests Across the World wyldcat
These former Obama strongholds sealed the election for Trump TheCandyGenius
Dow ends near record highs following election of Trump derstherower
We actually elected a meme as president: How 4chan celebrated Trumps victory blarginfadiddlenohip
Trumps election marks the end of any serious hope of limiting climate change to 2 degrees. CheapBeer
Electing Trump: the moment America laid waste to democracy as we know it galt1776
11 questions for President-elect Donald Trump tiggsabby
US election result: Europeans stunned by deafening Trump roar JusticeRobbins
Lee Fang: Donald Trump Recruits Corporate Lobbyists to Select His Future Administration misstastemaker
The Democratic Party deserves so much of the blame for electing Donald Trump clib
Donald Trump election win as much a shocker as stock markets rally mbungle
As Clinton concedes, NYSE traders reportedly boo, shout "lock her up" innociv
Another election surprise: Many Hispanics backed Trump musiton
Trump called the Electoral College a sham and a travesty in 2012 OsamaBeenModdin
Trump Tower: President-Elect's Residence and New Security Challenge NerdyRomantic
US election 2016 results: Meet President Trump's possible cabinet marathon
Election results not altering Schneiderman's Trump investigations HILLARY_EATS_BABIES
How the Terrible, Skewed, Anachronistic Electoral College Gave Us Trump superiority
'Keep an open mind': US children react to Trump election victory rockyk8411
Bernie Sanders offers warning to Trump in post-election statement tiggsabby
Thousands Across the US Protest President-Elect Donald Trump madflavr
Trumps election marks the end of any serious hope of limiting climate change to 2 degrees JanetYellensFuckboy
Protests to Trumps Election Spread Nationwide mnali
Protests to Trumps Election Spread Nationwide ZeroEqualsOne
Why Voters Elected President Donald J. Trumpand Why Theyll Regret It greymanbomber
x After Donald Trump Was Elected President, Aaron Sorkin Wrote This Letter to His Daughter kvanzanten
Hack the vote: Did a 4chan attack help rig the election for Trump? smallhands1
Donald Trump won election because Democrats rigged system to have Clinton beat Bernie Sanders, says WikiLeaks feeling_that_bern
Dow closes up 250 points; financials surge after Trump election upset boogietime
How The Electoral College Can Save Us From Trump And Hillary HardcoreHamburger
Hillary Clinton: I hope to be friendly with Donald Trump after the election gulghafar
National recall after Newsweek misfires with Clinton cover le_petit_dejeuner
How Trump redrew the electoral map, from sea to shining sea TheChinchilla914
The ACLU has received nearly $1 million in donations since Donald Trump's election BellsBastian
Not Above the Law: 75 Lawsuits Against President-Elect Trump cynycal
Trumps Call to Ban Muslims From U.S. Quietly Scrubbed From Campaign Website After Election piede
Donald Trump 2012 Election Tweetstorm Resurfaces ColdStoneSkeevAutism
Why Bernie Sanders' Statement On Donald Trump's Election Walks A Dangerous Line progressive_voter
The 538 electors who will cast their votes for president in December are under no obligation to vote the way their state did. Should enough electors choose to dissent, or withhold their vote, Trump could be denied the White House. Mako18
'The reason Trump won is because people like you lecture people': Steve Price clashes with former Labor staffer Jamila Rizvi over US election result on The Project... before Carrie Bickmore tells him to 'change his tone' Wizking990
The Promises of President-elect Donald Trump, in His Own Words Ulter_Yon11
Thousands take to streets in major cities to protest Trump election AM_Kylearan
FiveThirtyEight elections podcast: President Trump AndNowIKnowWhy
Donald Trump in charge: The considerable clout of the president-elect RIDEO
White Women Helped Elect Donald Trump Bathbodyworks
Donald Trump campaign team 'were in contact' with Russian government ahead of shock election as President grepnork
Extremists celebrate Donald Trump election win SoylentRainbow
Protesting Donald Trump's Election, Not Wars, Surveillance, or Deportations monkeydeluxe
Donald Trump due to meet President Obama as backlash begins with protests against US election result across America Shebu11
Donald Trump to meet Barack Obama after US election victory live updates Shebu11
Trump's Election Boosts Kremlin Hopes for Better Relations FELLATIO_by_TedCruz
How Gary Johnson and Jill Stein helped elect Donald Trump xxipilots
Electoral College Lesson: More Voters Chose Clinton, but Trump Will Be President Shifter25
Russia Says It Was In Touch With Trump Campaign During The Election million_monkeys
Russia says was in touch with Trump campaign during election MakeItxBreakIt
Donald Trump due to meet President Obama as backlash begins with protests against US election result across America comsian45
How Gary Johnson and Jill Stein helped elect Donald Trump pablogoat
Colleges Cancelled Exams for Students Traumatized by Trump's Election GoStars817
After Donald Trump Was Elected President, Aaron Sorkin Wrote This Letter to His Daughter JanetYellensFuckboy
US president-elect Donald Trump STILL hasn't spoken to Theresa May Prince102
President-elect Trump arrives for White House meeting with Obama callcybercop
Obama Hosts Trump at White House for First Meeting After Election RIDEO
How Gary Johnson and Jill Stein helped elect Donald Trump tonettafan
How Trump Pushed the Election Map to the Right thurst31
Trump just completely reversed his policy on South Korea only 2 days after being elected cossack1000
Protestors Against Donald Trump Should Challenge The Electoral College If They Want To Create Change moonlightsugar
Russia Reached Out to Trump, Clinton Camps During Election SlumpDOCTOR
President elect Donald Trump live The Republican meets Barack Obama at the White House Slimyjimy1
In Meeting At White House, President-Elect Trump Calls Obama 'Very Fine Man' GoStars817
CNN is Projecting Trump as winner of the popular vote. indifilm68
Trump just completely reversed his policy on South Korea only 2 days after being elected kajanana
According to CNN Trump is projected to win the popular vote. Helicaster
Women Accusing Trump Won't Be Intimidated After Election, Lawyer Says ZenBerzerker
Did Harambe the Gorilla Write-Ins Hand Election to Donald Trump? HILLARY_4_TREASON
Trump election helps spur record Obamacare signups SplintPunchbeef
The Kremlin says a victory for Clinton would have sparked World War Three and electing Trump saved the world from Armageddon Spooky_White
submitted by PoliticsModeratorBot to politics [link] [comments]

The "Oil Curse" in 2020 - Guyanese Electoral Hijacking

On 2 March 2020 early general elections were held in the South American country Guyana after President David Granger of the APNU-ACF party lost a vote of no confidence.

Oil discovery

Off the coast of Guyana, which shares a border with Venezuela to the West, companies have started discovering oil fields since 2015, the same year as President Granger was elected. In January 2020 Exxon estimated that there are 8 billion recoverable barrels of oil present in Guyanese oil fields. In December 2019 drilling has started, and thus by 2020 revenue should start flowing into the country, which is one of the poorest on the continent. By 2025 the Guyanese oil fields could produce 750.000 barrels of oil a day, according to Exxon. The company expects to double its investment in Guyanese oil exploration. According to some estimates, oil output of Guyana could overtake neighbouring Venezuela by the end of the decade. The oil revenue could potentially “change [Guyana] as a country” and has the potential to “drive development, to modernize the economy and to lift every Guyanese household out of poverty”.
The March 2020 elections are regarded as a test for the next oil-rich country. Will the country regress into strongmanism just as revenues start flowing in, or will democracy persist? Both of the major parties want to seize power this year when the oil revenue will finally start to come in, as they fear being shut out of government. Worse, in a country that is deeply divided among ethnic lines, they fear that their constituents will be left out of a share of the oil wealth if they do not manage to win.

So what happened?

On March 5, three days after the general elections were held, nine out of ten electoral districts of Guyana had declared results. Only Region 4, the largest of Guyana’s regions, still had to publish its election outcome. The People’s Progressive Party/Civic (PPP) – the largest opposition party – was leading by around 50.000 votes at this point when irregularities were discovered in spreadsheets. Numbers in the spreadsheet did not correspond with the numbers recorded by observers and party officials. Stabroek News reported that “mischief might be afoot”. A suspension of the vote verification process of four hours was held while the Guyana Elections Commission (GECOM) convened for an emergency meeting. After four hours the counting process started again, but workers complained about exhaustion and thus it was suspended altogether. The next day, a GECOM data entry clerk was found to have a flash drive and laptop in his possession that contained verification data. Data verification of the electoral results of Region 4 was now interrupted completely.
Despite this, and despite the fact that it is unlawful in Guyana to publish unverified results, the officer in charge of the electoral results for Region 4 published them anyway. His declaration had APNU-ACF overwhelmingly win in the region. PPP tallies showed a completely different result. These tallies have been published and observers and other opposition parties agree with these results. Opposition parties started accusing the elections from having been “seized” from them. PPP said they were blindsided by the declaration, and announced that they would request a recount of Region 4 results. Statements made by the governments of the USA, UK, Canada and the EU called into question the credibility of the published results.

The domestic response

Tensions flared in Guyana, as PPP supporters were shot with pellets after they started protesting in the streets and teargas was used to disperse protesters. Protests quickly turned into riots and riot police with more heavy duty had to be deployed. At least one teen died after having been shot by the police.
While protests died down over the weekend, the request made by the opposition parties for a recount was rejected on Sunday March 8, over a technicality, while on this same day the US State Department with harsh words warned that any government sworn in under these results would be illegitimate. On March 10 the incumbent President and presumptive winner under the contested results Granger weighed in for the first time, accusing opposition parties of having intimidated the returning officer for Region 4 which interrupted the verification process of the region. He also said that he would not mingle in the independent GECOM’s work, the chairwoman of which declared that she would wait on the decision by the Court before taking any action. The President further accused the opposition of pushing a false narrative.
Guyana’s Chief Justice on 11 March ruled that the Returning Officer of Region 4 had indeed violated the law by publishing the unconfirmed results. The ruling also included the order to return to the tabulation process of the votes. This was to be observed by representatives from each of the parties. Quickly, the other parties condemned what they say during the tabulation as an “open hijack of the electoral process” and accused GECOM of inflating votes in favour of the incumbent party. Those present said that the numbers that they were presented with were altered significantly, sometimes so that the number of votes was higher than the numbers of voters. All of these inflated votes were in favour of the incumbent.
The OAS, which was present as observer to the electoral process, similarly disputed the count from Region 4, and withdrew its mission from Guyana, stating that the required standards of fairness and transparency were not met. Western diplomats also walked out, while the US State Department once more warned Guyana of “consequences”.
That same evening, Region 4 results were announced for a second time, 11 days after the initial vote. While media were invited to the announcement, reporters that tried to show up were assaulted by those present. It was announced once again that the incumbent party had won.
Despite this declaration, both the President and the leader of the opposition agreed to a full recount of the votes from all ten electoral districts under the supervision of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) the next day. Seemingly a step into the right direction for the transparency and democratic credibility of the elections, the move was welcomed in Guyana as “the only thing that makes sense”.

What is the situation now?

On March 16 the recount was supposed to start, to begin with the votes from the contested Region 4. However, a series of events prevented the recount starting. One obstacle is that President Granger has not signed the one-page document setting out the terms and conditions of the recount, as he is asking for legal advice before doing so. Secondly, after the ballots arrived in the headquarters of GECOM for the recount, it surfaced that the building was scheduled to be fumigated for ants, further delaying the process. Following this, police in riot gear entered the building and ordered everyone out under threat of arrest, including accredited observers and party representatives. No valid reason was given. The judiciary meanwhile blocked the recount from happening in a move that caused the CARICOM high level team leaving the country, while GEOCOM was accused of deliberately delaying the recount from starting to make room for the injunction by the judiciary..
Despite all of the above, neither of the two big parties have presented a comprehensive plan on how to deal with the oil wealth that the country could fall into if handled properly. Commentators have accused both of operating under a "winner takes all" mentality, refusing to share with the ~50% of the country which does not fall under their constituency, as party preference in Guyana is more often dictated by ethnic and traditional factors than policy.
Today, the chairman of CARICOM – Barbados Prime Minister Mia Mottley – said that it was clear “clear that there are forces that do not want to see the votes recounted for whatever reason. Any Government which is sworn in without a credible and fully transparent vote count process would lack legitimacy”.
As it stands today, there is no statement on when or if the recount will move forward and if observers from CARICOM or other organizations will be welcome there.

How will this impact the potential oil wealth?

A group of 80 global organizations in a joint statement urged Exxon cease business with Guyana if an unlawful government would be sworn in at the risk of rewarding corruption and oppression, which it said were hallmark characteristics of the “oil curse”.
Against this backdrop of global concern for the legitimacy of the electoral process and the well-being of the Guyanese people, we note the deafening silence from the sector that has most exacerbated the recent political tensions in the country —the oil industry.
In the same statement the group of organizations criticized the World Bank and the Inter American Development Bank on their silence. These banks are the financial institutions that are pumping money into the country to develop its oil sector.
While the discovery of oil off the Guyanese coast a mere five years ago brought hope of a future in which the people in one of South America's poorest country could be lifted out of poverty, the circumstances surrounding the 2020 elections could mean instead that the country will be "catapulted back" 50 years. As the CEO of Guyana's oil firm TOTALTECH noted, the country has a unique window of opportunity where it could greatly benefit from the natural resources that were discovered off its coast. In order to do so however, democratic stability, good governance and a legitimate government are needed. The question now is whether the electoral shenanigans from the past two weeks, and the lack of a clear path forward on what to do with the oil wealth, have rammed this window shut.
[Resubmitted with better formatting]
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Homusubi Analyses All 116 Primaries (AKA the long post), Part 1: Europe and Africa

A few people have gone through all sixty-one voting districts and made their endorsements public, but nobody, so far, has aped the legendary Lacsirax Long Post from the previous season and gone through every vote, even if next week is now primaries-only week. I don't know what possessed me to go through every primary, especially seeing as there are (by my count) one hundred and sixteen of them (yes, there will be over a hundred votes next week),
Let me know if I've missed someone and if there's a primary that I haven't realised is happening. It is equally possible that I've identified a primary that actually won't happen, because the rules for what does and doesn't go into a primary are a bit different from last time (plus, there are more civs). So, for example, I already know that Nasser (modern Egypt) isn't going into the ancient Egypt primary despite having the same five-letter civ name, instead progressing directly to the general.
I reserve the right to change these endorsements if more evidence comes about, especially in the field of AI tests, but I'll be transparent about it if I do (I'll use strikethroughs and so on on my edits instead of just editing things out that turned out to be wrong).
Here goes.
DISTRICT 1
ICELAND
Our first vote is one with a repeat in it, and as you will soon find out, I'm not that keen on repeats. Ingolfur's Iceland, at least, was one of the more entertaining civs in Mk2, though, and made the very most it could out of a frankly terrible TSL. Therefore, unlike other primaries featuring repeats, I won't judge you if you vote for Ingolfur. Nonetheless, I'll be voting for Kristjan Eldjarn, a civilisation from the Cod Wars (no, not Call of Duty, I mean an actual war over the actual fish) with nicely fishy uniques to match.
SCOTLAND
The best Scotland mod is Alba under Alexander III, no question about it. Its uniques are pretty good, with plenty of passive production and naval bonuses that sound useful in a Royale, but what's more, it has input from our resident Scottish power ranker Lordie, and also has an absolutely beautiful colour scheme. AI-wise, it performed semi-decently in the Elimi-Nation AI game before getting voted out in favour of Northern Ireland. The only catch is that Alba might not be in the Scotland primary in the first place due to its separate name. In that case, of the two James VI's, I would recommend voting for LastSword's James, as I've seen the JFD one plenty of times in AI games and it has never impressed me.
DISTRICT 2
IRELAND
Ireland has got far more interesting since the S1 vote, in which there were only two options - contemporaries of each other - and one was disqualified for being in Mk2. We now have four, more diverse, Irelands. I'm not particularly thrilled at the thought of Malachy again or Brian Boru, not least because they didn't actually rule all Ireland even though they claimed to (afaik). Daniel O'Connell is a more interesting choice, an influential politician who never actually ruled Ireland but secured greatly expanded rights for his people, and is also a rather nice shade of blue. However, his AI is pretty lacklustre, which leaves us with Easter Rising hero Michael Collins and his pub UB (not kidding). None of these leaders achieved lasting Irish Unity as some might claim, but either way, I'm voting for Mick.
CORNWALL
I'm quite fond of Hiram's mods. We started modding at around the same time as each other, after all, and it took ages for either of us to learn Lua. Having said that, I don't think I can back him here. His Cornwall, nice colours notwithstanding, is a fairly awkward mixture of uniques that includes a rather incongruous vanilla Celtic UA. Therefore, I'm going for Senshi's Gwendolen, which includes both a rare female leader and plenty of well-integrated tin mine mechanics.
LONDON PRIMARY (UK/BRITAIN/ENGLAND)
My current home region and one of four primaries in which I am fielding a mod. No surprises, then, that I am giving my endorsement here to the wonderful Clement Attlee, living proof that sometimes it's best not to have a strong leader so much as a good one. His historical record and general status as an oddball choice for a Royale leader would make for a decent reason to endorse him on its own, but his AI is at least decent and his uniques are more relevant to a Royale setting than their peaceful economic nature may suggest at first - including a way to use all that gold. If for some reason you hate Attlee and would rather have a more Conservative choice here, I recommend Theresa May, who is in every way the Millard Fillmore of the Isles.
WALES
I am very much struggling to see the difference between the two Waleses, other than slightly more Welsh language used in Glyndwr's unique names than Llywelyn's (which must surely be a good thing). Civ AI Games's archive suggests that Llywelyn has the better AI, though, so I guess I'd go with him.
DISTRICT 3
DENMARK
The AI record of the Denmarks does not show any mention of a universally strong or weak variant, so let's go with history and all the other factors. I'm not the biggest fan of vanilla civs, so I'd rather not vote for vanilla Harald here despite their nice colours, so I'm going to go with Struensee, mainly because he's (imho) a more interesting historical figure than the other two; a doctor who was able to seize unofficial power in Denmark for a time, rather than 'just another monarch'.
NORWAY
The mod I've been working on recently has been quite close to Norway and includes quite a few references to it. Over the course of my research, I've encountered both Olaf II and Haakon VII, and I can think of worse leaders than both. Haakon IV, Mk2's Snoreway, is not really an experience I'd like to go back to. Of the other two, though, Olaf II edges it for me, although I'll be honest, most of that is voting for the modder. In this case, Lungora, best known as the creator of the maps on which the Royales are run.
SWEDEN
Back to politics on this one. Although he does not yet have an AI record that I know of, I'll most likely be voting for Olof Palme here, and hoping that whenever another civ does badly at something, I can do what I normally do and unfavourably compare them to the Swedes. Also, the last time we had a late-20th-century Scandinavian politician leader, it was brilliant. My second and third choices, and my recommendations for an older Sweden, are Karl XII and Birger Jarl, both of whom have excelled themselves in past AI games.
DISTRICT 4
PORTUGAL
How am I to know which Portugal to vote for? There are eight of 'em, and most of share about three names between them! Five of them have unfavourable comments in the CAG archive, leaving me with a choice of Afonso de Albuquerque, Antonia Salazar, and LS's Maria. The latter is city-state based, Salazar depends on whether you like dictators or not, and Afonso seems like a fun civ but not an easy one for the AI to use... y'know what, stuff this, vote for Firaxis's Maria aka the Mad from Mk2. Because why not.
SPAIN
Carlos III is the only Spain which has been campaigned for so far, and is also the only one of the earlier Spains not to have a leader which I've already grown bored of from either Civ 5 or Civ 6. However, RanseStoddard's analysis of AI values suggests that it might not be that good, which would leave us with General Franco. Personally, I'd vote for Carlos, but vote for Franco if you will. Just make sure not to vote for any Spain in the general, because #NeverSpain is way too entertaining to abandon now.
DISTRICT 5
BELGIUM
Leopold II is my choice here, for two reasons. One, because it has had a better AI record than Albert, for a civ which I particularly want to see competitive in the general for the 5th district. Two, because not every mod has the balls to reference Congolese atrocities and chocolate-making in the same set of uniques. You do you, Leo.
BRITTANY
This might be surprising to some, but I'm voting for Anne here. Although Nominoe is a much more polished mod, I haven't seen them do much AI-wise, and their uniques are very much orientated towards human play. So, Gedemo's sole European mod it is.
FLANDERS
Flanders memeage doesn't really dictate which Flanders it has to be - after all, the name is the important thing, so I doubt that the primary here will get as much attention as the general. The AI record favours LastSword's Flanders (Robert III) over JFD's Flanders (Rorbrecht III) while saying nothing about Moriboe's Flanders (Filips van de Elzas). I don't feel strongly about this primary at all, and it's worth pointing out that Robert might have the ability to polder one or two gulf water tiles with his UI, but at the end of the day, i'll vote for Filips van de Elzas. Modder diversity, and a mod I remember playing with a very long time ago.
FRANCE
Mon Dieu, fourteen kinds of France? Luckily, not too long ago there was an AI game which was pretty much nothing but Frances. The winner (spoiler alert, sorry) was Louis XI, who immediately rockets up to near the top of my list. The other standout one for me is Clemenceau, who I like mainly because of the weirdly large amount of First World War-era history I've had to study and thus the soft spot I've developed for leaders from that era. However, that's personal, so I feel more inclined to 'endorse' Louis (and his S-tier UA name, The Universal Spider), even if I might give my own vote to Clemenceau
SWITZERLAND
How are Switzerland mods supposed to fight each other in a primary? They're supposed to be neutral, aren't they? Either way, I'm backing LastSword's Dufour here, because I've seen JFD's plenty of times and its AI has never impressed.
DISTRICT 6
BOHEMIA
Vaclav (JFD's Bohemia) has a mixed AI record, but perhaps the most relevant one in a crowded European setting is its Groundhog Day performance, which was... not great. Therefore, I'm voting for Charles IV. His uniques sound fun - they'll either doom him completely or win him the game, admittedly most likely the former.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Didn't we already do th... oh wait, Czechoslovakia. Pretty torn on this one, honestly. Both the Uighur and SabyZ versions have good and bad points on their uniques, and the Uighur one has such a mid-tier AI that I can't even predict whether or not Saby's is better or worse. Uighur's is the only one which conforms to orthodox mod structure (Saby's two uniques are a UB and a UI), but I'll probably vote for SabyZ's Czechoslovakia, purely because I like voting for civs made by CBR fans, and Saby made the previous Czechia.
GERMANY
I want to endorse Merkel. I badly want to endorse Merkel. The trouble is, her uniques make that very hard to do. Her UA is city-state based, and her UU might actually be a debuff for an AI, as she can only use it properly when she purchases it. Her saving grace is the UB, which provides extra production and culture based on events which are common as muck in a Royale. I'm not really feeling it with Wilhelm, despite his WWI connections, because I can't really look at him and think something other than "worse Bismarck". Moving on to actual Bismarck, although the JFD overhaul gives me a way out of voting vanilla, once again, it's city-state based. So I'm back where I started. I'm going to do it. Vote Angela Merkel. Imagine how fun it'd be if she started ruthlessly conquering like mad.
LIECHTENSTEIN
This one isn't even close. Johann I (QQQ) is one of those very old mods made by one-shot modders which might or might not work. Johann II (DuskJockey), on the other hand, is a very new mod with a creator still hanging around the place, and more complicated uniques to boot. Its AI record is mixed, but you can't have everything. Except when you're voting for Kakuei's Japan, of course.
SAXONY
This one's a toughie. On one hand, JFD's Saxony makes tourism actually useful, and has a more Saxon colour scheme. On the other, Firebug's mod makes faith useful, by making cities that look as if, were they given time to build up and get a few faith buildings going, they'd be entertainingly hard to capture. I think I'll vote for JFD's Saxony (Frederick Augustus I), though, as Mitteleuropa is not a forgiving region for late-developing civs, and Frederick Augustus I (aka Augustus the Strong) is the more entertaining historical character.
DISTRICT 7
GENOA
I'm going for LastSword's Genoa here. Why, you ask? Simple. Stronger crossbowmen which can automatically attack when embarked. What with the pivotal importance of the crossbow in many Civ games, and the embarkation-friendly Western Med, that could be a unique that - shock horror - actually does something.
ITALY
This comes down to whether you want to vote for Mussolini because Mussolini, or vote for not-Mussolini because not-Mussolini. It's a personal choice and not one I want to go into because I'm pretty sick of this argument (I'm not going to be disappointed if either wins by a landslide). However, I did promise I'd endorse someone in every primary. So, on the basis of a slightly better AI record (although both are mid-tier) in a difficult TSL, Victor Emmanuel III it is.
PAPAL STATES
Unsurprisingly, all three Papal civs are faith-based. The AI record only mentions one of the three, and so a lot of this comes down to who makes the most use of that faith outside of religion. I'm going with Innocent III, partly because his unique Great Generals make faith a bit more useful in military matters, and partly, of course, because he's the Battle Pope with the decidedly non-turtley AI record. Deus Vult and all that!
ROME
Whoever I pick here, I'm going to make someone angry. So I'll apologise in advance and say that, one, I know embarrassingly little about most of these leaders, and two, my choice isn't based on history. It's JFD's Julius Caesar. This is partly because they have been known to perform very admirably in AI games, unlike most of the other Romes, and partly because their icon and colour combination are very classic Rome and get me into that S.P.Q.R. state of mind more than most of them do.
DISTRICT 8
ATHENS
Ugh, both of these have bad AI records. MC's Athens has the classic colour scheme and is the one probably more familiar to long-time watchers. LastSword's, however, has the more intriguing uniques, including an interesting degree of freedom when researching techs and Civ 6-style cities that aren't coastal but can still build naval units. So LastSword's Athens it is.
AUSTRIA
Austria is one of my favourite vanilla civs, but unfortunately, its star attraction has to do with city-states, which don't exist here. A nifty UU that's one of the few to fall in the Enlightenment Era seals the deal for me, then - JFD's Joseph II it is. It's also yellow and black, for all the history nerds frustrated by the constant use of white and red for Austria in everything despite the precedent.
BULGARIA
Six Bulgarias? Seriously? And quite a few of them have badass UA names to boot. One of them even seems to be led by a Harry Potter character. I'll follow the lead of colour schemes, very snowbally-sounding UAs, and endorsements from ExplosiveWatermelon, and pick Ferdinand I, but this is not a primary I'm sure about my choices in at all.
GREECE
I'm not sure whether or not this primary is going to happen, as one civ is vanilla Greece and the other is an early 20th-century modern Greece. If it does come to this, though, despite their moderate AI record and very peaceful unique set, I'll be rooting for Eleftherios Venizelos, purely because a modern and real-life Greek hero makes a nice change sometimes from most of the civs in this region.
HUNGARY
Another primary in which the AI record becomes king for my decision - my Hungarian friend's favourite leader doesn't have a mod, if I recall correctly - and it's driving me towards Miklos Horthy. The three other Hungaries, which also have less militaristic uniques. The AI record says negative things about three of the civs here, see, and the fourth one is Horthy, who has performed well in Elimi-Nation so far. Another vote for a rather different Mi(c)k to the last one.
ROMANIA
I don't know that much about the Balkans, OK? Please stop throwing primaries at me. Another AI one, then, I guess. Carol I has been entertaining - sometimes successful, sometimes not, but never sleepy - in AI games in the past, so I'm leaning towards him. But again, don't take my word as gospel here, especially seeing as DJSHenninger's Mihai Viteazul has the wonderful UA name The Eagle, Aurochs, and Seven Hills. That's right up there with One Million Elephants and a White Parasol (that's Laos) for the "Best UA Names Involving Random Animals and Objects" competition.
SERBIA
Another AI-performance process of elimination jobby here. Stefan Dusan (Discord emoji loyalty) and Peter I Karadjordjevic (WWI character loyalty) are both net positives for a Serbia civ imho, but this is another example of a civ being beset with bad AI records. The exception, with no record whatsoever, is DJSHenninger's Peter, whom I thus reluctantly endorse.
THEBES
I'm backing LastSword's Thebes here, despite it having the worse colour scheme by some distance. Firebug's uniques, while easier to understand than the competition, are CS-based, and what is more, their performance in Elimi-Nation was decidedly mediocre.
WALLACHIA
The EU4 fans' favourite and home to Dracula, Wallachia has two leaders and three mods to choose from. None of them have a good AI record, other than the mystery Mircea Wallachia with no record, but you can't not vote for Vlad in Wallachia. So of the two we're left with, I'm going with DJSHenninger's Vlad, with its unusual light-green-on-black colour scheme and steamrolly UA with the potential to make enemies adjacent to the vampire army 25 percent weaker by the end of the game.
YUGOSLAVIA
I'm voting for Tito here. It's mainly because I find him to be a more interesting figure than yet another Peter, and because the Non-Aligned Movement is criminally underrated. Don't worry too much about the UA being city-state based, as his UU and UB do not mention them. Seriously though, why would you want a Yugoslavia that isn't Tito?
DISTRICT 9
LITHUANIA
Before I start this write-up, I would like to thank the people of Lithuania for looking at the countries to their south and west, seeing a veritable sea of Peters and Stephens with numbers after their names, and deciding, no, we're giving our monarchs uniquely Lithuanian-sounding names and not repeating them. Anyway, AI. Gediminas's Lithuania seems to have a consistent record of starting out strong but collapsing, so take from that what you will. Vytautas is a unique sort of civ that benefits from having no religions (presumably a reference to Lithuania's unusually long history of paganism) and no city connections. Last but not least is Mindaugas, who doesn't seem to do much with his uniques if he isn't lucky enough to get a religion, so I'm not particularly confident. I think I'll just go with Gediminas. It's the Lithuania we all know and love by now, and at least it tries hard.
POLAND
Twelve! Twelve Polands! Much of this is thanks to the (elected) monarch of this part of the world, LastSword, who has eight Polands under his belt. I know that a fair few people are taking my lead on Japanese affairs, and, grateful for that as I am, it seems only fair to return the favour for other modders with a clear 'capital' to their mod empire. So that's Pilsudski out, despite his being an interesting and impressive historical figure. It has to be an LS Poland. Put all eight above the rest - this is a joint endorsement. As for which one to put first, there was an AI Game of Polands ages ago, but the winner... um, wasn't a Poland. The only one recorded as being a dominant power is John III Sobiesko, a vaguely sciencey cavalry civ. The other two I would prioritise are Sigismund III, the sole blue Poland, whose laissez-faire management promoting UA gives literally free happiness when it's being played by an AI, and which also gets stronger ranged attacks from cities; and Stephen Bathory, who inherits vanilla Poland's strong UA and has strong-sounding musketman and zoo replacements.
DISTRICT 10
FINLAND
I loved Top Kek, but especially seeing as I have already endorsed Olof Palme in Sweden, I wonder if it's time to let the other Finland shine. Mannerheim, hero of the Winter War, makes culture useful in war with unique promotions, and also has a sauna as a UB in true Finnish fashion, which automatically heals all your units trained in a Sauna city every turn. Honestly, even writing this has made me more enthusiastic about Finland, Monty Python/Scandinavia and the World references and all.
RUSSIA (ST PETERSBURG)
Especially if you discount the boring Civ 5/6 leader choices, this primary for me comes down to two choices. Alexander Nevsky can force peace with certain civs by sending three trade routes to them, which could either be very crafty or irritating depending on how the AI uses it. Alternatively, there's Tsar Nicholas II, known to be good with his big carpets and who won a hotly-contested Arctic AI game not too long ago. On balance I'm probably going with Alexander Nevsky, a more historically successful figure and one that makes a nice change from the normal Russias, but feel free to vote for Tsar Nick, especially if you also want a Soviet Russia in the 11th and are anticipating the rematch of the ages.
DISTRICT 11
KIEVAN RUS'
The famous Kievan Rus' mod, Tomatekh's Yaroslav, has a very mixed AI record and one CS-based unique. The unknown challenger, TarcisioCM's Olga, on the other hand, has a set of nifty uniques based around various kinds of diplomatic deals, and they're more useful in an AI game than that sounds. To be honest, Olga sounds like a better AI bet, but I'm an old modder, and we look out for our own. Yaroslav was one of Tomatekh's first mods at a time when Lua modding was in its infancy, and I'll be voting for it so we can be reminded - in the words of Emperor Meiji from The Last Samurai - who we are and where we come from.
USSR
Lenin or Stalin? It's up there with "Mario or Luigi?", "gif or jif?", and "one horse-sized duck or twenty duck-sized horses?". It's a question that's echoed down the ages anywhere with a decent enough communist presence - I say 'decent' because every proper town has one - and now it has come to CBR. However, the historical version of this question is a much deeper one than the CBR version, as the latter essentially boils down to whether or not you want a repeat of Mk2's USSR, which was Stalin. I don't, particularly; I'd be perfectly happy with more Soviets, but that can be achieved without the full repeat. I'm voting for a combustible Lenin that burns life's house down.
DISTRICT 13
BYZANTIUM
I said STOP THROWING PRIMARIES AT ME, BALKANS. Weren't you listening? And this one's Rome all over again. The Lacs Long Post from last time recommends DJSHenninger's Basil II, but the AI record seems to lean more towards JFD's Justinian I. There's also DJSHenninger's Justinian I, not just there to make the last two choices more confusing, but also there because its background is shocking pink, which in my humble opinion is a reason to choose it in itself. Ultimately, though, I'm picking another mod. Although I do like voting for modders in their strongholds, and this is DJSHenninger's, this time I'm going for EnigmaConundrum's Basil II, as this is the more likely of the two of (CBR fan) EnigmaConundrum's mods to qualify. The other one, after all, is an America.
HITTITES
These Middle Eastern regions are irritating for me, because I know that the region has a shitload of history, but I am equally aware that I don't know much of it at all beyond modern times. The Hittites are a prime example of this. I know that they lived near and interacted with ancient Greeks and Egyptians, and that they left behind a decent amount of archaeology, and that's... it, really. So if you know who Suppiluliuma I or Mursili II are and think one's cooler than the other, vote for them. As for me, if I even vote at all in this primary, I'll vote Suppiluliuma I, because Mursili crashed and burned in Elimi-Nation.
ISRAEL
Two Israels, hmm, I'll definitely go for... oh phew, they're both the Biblical sort of Israel. David was the one we had in Mk2, and although he'd be welcome to come back, I wonder if Solomon might be worth a look-in here. If you want more Israeli scouts, Mk2-style, then David is the one to pick, and besides it's quite a nice civ to look at imho. I might go Solomon, though, for his better AI record and not-repeat-ness.
JERUSALEM
Neither has that good an AI record, so I'm going on uniques, not least because even the names of these two are the same but for one having a larger Roman numeral suffix. Baldwin III it is. Its uniques, with their talk of unique 'crusading orders', are reminiscent of a LastSword civ, odd seeing as the LastSword Jerusalem is the other one. Anyway, although Baldwin IV has a lovely white and gold colour scheme, its uniques don't really come into play when there aren't any holy cities nearby (so 95% of the time), so I'm going for the more versatile MC option.
LYDIA
The two Lydias don't have much between them. Neither has an AI record, and all three uniques reference the same things, although the CurlySnail version has more interesting specific effects for the bonuses. It's down to modders, then, and although ryanjames deserves credit for being the creator of the Manx, I'm going for CurlySnail's Lydia, not least because it's clear from the campaigning that he cares about getting his civs in.
OTTOMANS
I feel like I'm going through Death by Mediterranean Primary right now, and the Ottos, with their seven civs to choose from - even after JFD's Mehmed was removed for being an immediate repeat - aren't helping one bit. Being judgemental about AI history eliminates Mehmed V, Mahmud II, and vanilla, but we're still left with four. I'll pick Mehmed II (note, do not confuse with Mahmud II) by LastSword, which at least looks like a strong scientific pick, gaining science when building a military and featuring a semi-liberalised observatory UB.
PHOENICIA
We've reached the Land of Purple, however much these interminable Med primaries are reminding me that Pokemon teaches us that purple means poison. Nonetheless, I'm immediately biased against LastSword's Pygmalion due to lack of violet. That leaves us with the two Hirams, neither of which was made by his modder namesake. Sukritact's Phoenicia underperformed in Elimi-Nation, but has a decent AI record in general, and was responsible for a brief if entertaining game of cat and mouse before their demise in the aforementioned game. I'm still going with the apparently "militaristic" AI of MayorS's Hiram, though, albeit partly because their colour scheme is double purple. Well, pink on purple. Close enough.
UMAYYADS
Last one in the 13th! This one is fairly close, both of them have mid-tier AI and pleasant enough colour schemes. The uniques, too, aren't too far off from one another in quality, but I'm giving the edge to DJSHenninger's Al-Walid I, which can make faith output actually useful by passively spawning military units based on said statistic. Put this in the "I don't know really" pile, though. Al-Malik's looks quite fun to play as, at least.
DISTRICT 14
GEORGIA
I don't want Georgia. Like, seriously, I don't want Georgia. Tamar fans feel so entitled sometimes, especially when the competition in this famously diverse part of the world is so fierce. Abkhazia! The Khazar Khaganate! There are so many better options! Therefore, I'm backing David IV in the primary, mainly to reduce the chances of Georgia winning the general. I encourage anyone else who wants a non-Georgia civ in this district to do the same.
DISTRICT 15
AYYUBIDS
This is another one where I need to search a bit to find excuses to back one civ over another, given that the repeat/not-repeat question is going to loom more over this primary than the actual relative merits of the two Ayyubid civs. Neither has a good AI record. The MC one, which is the one from Mk2, has the nicer colour scheme by some distance (imho), but its uniques are a bit more situational and a bit more dependent on the religion game. Therefore - and this is very much a tentative thing, I know 95% of people will ignore this one way or the other, which sounds OK to me - this is one of the rare times I'll back a repeat, of a civ that we didn't see much of at all in Mk2 at the end of the day. MC's Saladin it is.
EGYPT (ANCIENT)
Ancient Egypt has perhaps the highest "total history:history Homu knows" ratio of any primary in the game. It sounds fascinating, but I still haven't got around to actually learning much about the details yet, especially seeing as there's so much of it. Like, thousands of years. Anyway, I'm deferring to someone who knows better here - in this case, our friendly neighbourhood modding expert, TopHatPaladin - and backing Thutmose, with Djoser a good second. HOWEVER, I know of one effort underway to do a much more comprehensive analysis of this primary, so I might hold back on full-throated endorsements just yet.
EGYPT (PTOLEMAIC)
I'm going with Cleopatra here, because if we're going Ptolemaic, we might as well go the whole way. Yes, she probably doesn't deserve the amount of attention history has given her, but on the other hand, it's good to have a few familiar faces, and I find Cleo less boring than, say, Peter I. Probably because of the RNG biasing towards Russia the few times I played Civ 6. If you want to vote Ptolemy, I'm not going to try and persuade you otherwise.
DISTRICT 16
CARTHAGE
Seriously, I had to google which Carthage it was that was in Mk2. Turns out it was Hannibal, and I don't feel as warmly towards a Hannibal repeat as I would for Saladin or David. So we're down to Didos. So, for once, I'm going vanilla. I'm endorsing Firaxis Dido, because JFD's edited UA, despite being further away from Hannibal than the vanilla one is, seems distinctly unfun with its gobbling up sea tiles in a crowded area.
DISTRICT 18
ASHANTI
Another repeat vs not-repeat primary, and the third one of the many primaries of this category in which I'm endorsing the repeat. Although my top choice in this region is not either Ashanti (Sankara! Sankara! Sankaraaaaaaa!), I can't help but smile if I consider a return of the civ's legendary Pikeman, this time in disembarked form. Vote MC's Osei Tutu for old school gold stool cool.
DISTRICT 19
KANEM BORNU
A lower-mid tier AI and general feeling that Gedemo is underappreciated won't stop me in this case from going with DMS/MC's Idris Alauma in this humdrum primary. It has a slightly-below-average AI record, but it is one with one breakout included, and although its uniques feel rather unpredictable, that's a good thing, surely?
NOK
Again, sorry Gedemo, but I'm going with Ultra's Nok here. I don't know much about the culture, but that's not the point here. Nok is a legend in the modding community, a mod that took so long to come out it became a meme, and then... it actually got released. Let's celebrate that and get it through the primary, shall we? (Not my top choice in the general, but still.) Also, snakes.
NRI
The bombshell here is JFD's Nri UA: civs being unable to declare war on them before the Industrial Era if they share "their" religion. While it's unclear whether that means they have to have founded it or not, that would seriously change the course of the Africa game, especially seeing as they are apparently unlikely to declare wars on their own. Moriboe's doesn't seem militaristic either, despite its UA that sucks population from other civs (again, only in "pre-modern" times), and I feel like taking a bit of a punt on an unusual Africa. JFD's Nri it is.
DISTRICT 21
ETHIOPIA
If Ethiopia has two carbon atoms in it, what's the rest of it made from? ...Chemistry gags aside, there are five Ethiopias, courtesy of DMS, for whom Addis Ababa appears to be something of a centre of power. Of course, I'm immediately going to rule out the vanilla version, which is also a repeat. Likewise, I don't feel enthusiastic about Menelik II, who inherited the vanilla uniques in the DMS split. DMS's Haile might be worth a look with its updated uniques - including the Makonnen triplane, which I keep misreading as Harkonnen triplane - but I think I'm going with Zara Yaqob. She's another female leader, with defensive-religious hybrid uniques that sound like they could be as awkward for would-be invaders as Gudit's were against Zimbabwe. Oh, and if you like Indira Gandhi's colour scheme, Zara isn't too far off.
SOMALIA
I'm leaning towards TopHat's Mohammed Siad Barre in Africa's last primary. To be honest, I don't quite understand some of the uniques of the other Somalia, and although that hasn't stopped me in the past, loyalty to a modder who's helped me out on countless occasions must play a part here, along with an intriguing mixture of naval military, trade, and unique writers, and a rather nice blue colour scheme.
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